Trees

Ilex opaca

American holly

American holly. Leaves & Berries–November–Warren Co., NC.

A native evergreen tree with a naturally pyramidal outline and spiny green leaves. Female plants can carry bright berries through the colder months when a compatible male is nearby. Give it room to become a substantial tree, or use it in a spacious evergreen screen.

At a glance

Sun: Full sun / Part shade
Size: Height: 40 ft.–60 ft. · Width: 10 ft.–20 ft.
Water: Moist, well-drained soil
Hardiness: USDA zones 5–9

Sizes & prices

6-7'American HollyCall for price

Catalog updated September 8, 2026. This is not a live stock count; please call to confirm availability and price.

Ask about this plant

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Landscape use & tree form

Use: Ornamental specimen; Screening
Form: Conical; Open; Pyramidal
Growth rate: Slow
Pollination: Female trees need a nearby compatible male for berries
Fruit / litter: Female plants bear red berries used by birds; berries are not for human consumption.
Major issues: Leaf spots, scale and leaf miners can occur; alkaline soil can cause chlorosis.

Resistance & tolerances

Deer: Listed as resistant; protect young trees from browsing and antler rubbing.
Drought: Moderate tolerance after establishment; keep young plants evenly moist.
Wet soil: Tolerates occasional wetness, but not flooding.

Resistance is not a guarantee; deer and rabbits may browse any plant.

Pollinators & wildlife

Caterpillar host: Butterflies
Birds: Fruit provides food
Fruiting: On pollinated female plants

Native range

Native range / parentage: Central & Eastern U.S.A Species native to Kentucky.
Tristate native status: Species native to Kentucky.

Keep in mind: Berries are not edible; keep children and pets from eating them.

Seasonal interest

Foliage: Broadleaf Evergreen

Growing & care

Pruning: Prune selectively to retain the pyramidal framework; heavy clipping can reduce the berry display.
Pollination: Female plants need a compatible male American holly flowering at the same time for berries.
Soil: Moist, well-drained; brief dry periods tolerated; occasional wetness tolerated

Sources & photo credits

NC State Extension

University of Minnesota Extension

Clemson Cooperative Extension

horticulture.mgcafe.uky.edu

Photo: Cathy DeWitt · CC BY 4.0

Image notes: American holly. Leaves & Berries–November–Warren Co., NC. Resized and converted to WebP.

Reviewed September 22, 2026. Growing conditions vary by location.